COMPUTER GRADE 6

COMPUTER GRADE 6

COVERAGE FOR SECOND GRADING

ICT AND SOCIETY

Lesson 4 – Applying ICT Today

Lesson 5 – Using Graph

Lesson 7 – IPR Issues in ICT

Lesson 8 – Ethical Behavior in ICT

Lesson 9 – Software and Hardware Issues in ICT

*** Lesson 4 and 5 were already discussed so handout regarding these lessons will be posted later.***

Lesson 7 - IPR Issues in ICT

The biggest issues surrounding ICT concerns the violation of Intellectual Property Right. It means knowingly or unknowingly stealing other people’s works and ideas.

Three Branches of Intellectual Property Law

a. Patent – a right given to the individual or company that invents something

b. Trademark – a law intended to protect the franchise brands, designs, symbols, and logos that companies use to develop unique images and preconceptions as well as to misidentification with the products of other companies.

c. Copyright – the exclusive right to use, lease, distribute and copy a creative work; (which includes literary and artistic material, music, films, and recordings and software material)

IPL – Intellectual Property Law
- Summarizes the rights of people to own creative works and ideas.
- It has to be applied for and granted to the applicant by the proper authorities.

Royalty – payment made to the owner of a patent, copyright, design, trademark or idea.

Common Offenses Surrounding ICT

a. Piracy – process of plundering or theft concerns illegal copying, distribution and sale of copyrighted material without the permission of the owner.

b. Invasion of Privacy

c. Undesirable Propaganda

d. Electronic Crimes

    * hacker – They are computer programmers who use their technical skills to break into secure internal computer systems of companies and organizations like banks.

*Spyware – programs that enter a computer connected to the Internet, it gathers data about your surfing habits and other information like e-mail addresses and country of origin.

* Computer Virus – These are computer programs that can break and wreak computer systems all over the world.

e. False or Unsolicited Advertising

     *spam – also known as junk mail, the term for unsolicited e-mail that is often commercial in nature

Agencies concern about Intellectual Property

a. MTRCB – Movie and Television Review and Classification Board

b. OMB – Optical Media Board

c. NBI – National Bureau of Investigation

d. NITC – National Information and Technology Council – effectively enforces the existing laws.

    * Electronic Commerce Act – known as Republic Act No. 8792 enacted in June 2002. The CA applies to “any kind of electronic data message or electronic document used in the context commercial and noncommercial activities”

Lesson 8 – Ethical Behavior in ICT

ICT has such a strong hold and influence on us because of the integration of the computer and other associated devices into our lives.

Personal computer – one of the convergence machine.

VoIP – Voice Over Internet Protocol - use for calling abroad

IRC – Internet Relay Chat – allows us to talk to people in real time

Some Effects of ICT on Human Values

a. Erosion of Traditions (example, the mail order bride business)

b. Depersonalization (the tendency to disregard actual face to face interaction)

c. Union of Home and Office (conducting business and facilitate transactions with someone without the need for them to meet in person)

    

*Telecommuting or Teleworking – working on a job from a location that is distance from the physical office or workplace

    

* Electronic Cottage – state or situational capability of doing business or work using computers and other communication devices without leaving the home.

    

*webcast – a kind of online presentation similar to a television broadcast, electronic pulses that are translated from and into data readable and presentable by a computer.

d. Strengthening of Family Bonds

e. Reduction of Pollution

Proper behavior When Using ICT

Phonetics - standard or guidelines of proper behavior in using cellular phones for people to follow.

Netiquette  - is the etiquette over the virtual world of the Internet. It is basic respect when interacting with other people online. These rules were formulated as the Internet became more popular for communicating.

List of Netiquette

1. Do not use all-capital letter when e-mailing.

2. Use emoticons when necessary.

3. Keep messages short.

4. Do not reveal secret.

5. Avoid spamming.

6. Use text abbreviations when needed.

Online – state of being connected to the Internet

Flaming – is the offense to a person because of an e-mail message.

Emoticons – are little faces that you can make by using keystrokes.

Sample of Abbreviation

BRB – Be right back

BTW – By the way

IMHO – In my humble opinion

LOL – laughs out loud

ROTFL – Rolling on the floor laughing

Lesson 9 – Software and Hardware Issues in ICT

Freeware – are programs that have been copyrighted by their authors and are available for downloading, copying, distribution and usage under certain terms and conditions.

Association of Shareware Professionals (ASP) – adheres to the idea that shareware is a marketing method rather than just products themselves. Their products include games, accounting solutions, inventory managers and other office utilities.

Famous Product and Companies Affiliated with ASP

1. WinZip (WinZip Computing, Inc.)

2. Paint Shop Pro (Jasc Software , Inc.)

*Beta Testers – These are people who paid to try out programs before they are released commercially.

*bugs – errors in the programs.

Abandonware – is use for software programs that are still available commercially but from which support and development have been stopped by the makers.

Warez – software programs that are illegally sold or distributed for profit.

The Groups which attempts the distribution of abandonware

a. Entertainment Software Association (ESA)

b. Software and Information Industry association (SIIA)

Measures to prevent the illegal copying and distribution of software

1. requiring information like serial number

2. on-disk protection

3. use of dongles or dangling

*dongle – is a piece of hardware that is attached to a computer before a program can be run.

*Leet or Leetspeak – comes from the word “elite”. This is a way of writing ad even speaking in cipher. Its main characteristic is the use of non-alphabet characters in place of letters have a reasonable resemblance to them.

Open Source – A freeware with executable file and source code which is makes it open to modification.

Sample:

1. Linux Operating system – developed by Linus Torvalds

2. Java

3. GNU Image Manipulation Program

4. AbiWord and OpenOffice.org.

Advantages of Open Source Software

1. Cost – they are free

2. Security – Faults are easily detected and corrected by the community using the software.

3. Reliability – They are upgraded by those who knows want they want from the software.

4. Freedom – Users are not compelled to use any particular software.

Richard Stallman, founder of the free software movement and free software designer, has given the following reasons why restrictions on copying, changing and building on existing software and hardware are harmful:

1. Fewer people will be able to use the programs and hardware.

2. The users will not be able to adapt or to fix software and hardware problems.

3. Other developers cannot learn from the program or hardware or base new work on it.